Jeremiah 47:21

Bochart remarks that all ancient writers are unanimous in supposing Caphthor to be Cappadocia, and the Caphthorim Cappadocians; but he assigns to them that part of Cappadocia only which bordered on Colchis. Phaleg. Book 4, chap. 32:-- See C. on Jeremiah 47:4, C. Soc. Edit., vol. 4, p 614. Numbers 21 Numbers 21:21-32 21. And Israel sent messengers unto Sihon king of the Amorites, saying, 21. Misit Israel legatos ad Sihon regem AEmorrhaeorum, dicendo: 22. Let me pass through thy land: we will not turn into the fields, or into the vineyards; we will not drink of the waters of the well; but we will go along by the king's high-way, until we be past thy borders. 22. Transeam per terram tuam: non declinabimus per agros, neque per vineam: non bibemus aquas puteorum, via regia pergemus, donec transierimus terminum tuum. 23. And Sihon would not suffer Israel to pass through his border; but Sihon gathered all his people together, and went out against Israel into the wilderness: and he came to Jahaz, and fought against Israel. 23. At non permisit Sihon Israeli ut transiret per terminum suum. Itaque congregavit Sihon universum populum suum, et egressus est obviam Israeli in desertum, venitque in Jahaz et pugnavit cum Israele. 24. And Israel smote him with the edge of the sword, and possessed his land from Arnon unto Jabbok, even unto the children of Ammon: for the border of the children of Ammon was strong.

Baldness … cut thyself —Palestine is represented as a female who has torn off her hair and cut her flesh, the heathenish (Leviticus 19:28) token of mourning (Jeremiah 48:37). their valley —the long strip of low plain occupied by the Philistines along the Mediterranean, west of the mountains of Judea. The Septuagint reads Anakim, the remains of whom were settled in those regions (Numbers 13:28). Joshua dislodged them so that none were left but in Gaza, Gath, and Ashdod (Joshua 11:21, 22). But the parallel (Jeremiah 47:7), "Ashkelon … the sea-shore, " established English Version here, "Ashkelon … their valley. " 6. Jeremiah, in the person of the Philistines afflicting themselves (Jeremiah 47:5), apostrophizes the "sword of the Lord," entreating mercy (compare Deuteronomy 32:41; Ezekiel 21:3-5, 9, 10). up thyself — Hebrew, "Gather thyself," that is, retire or return. 7. Jeremiah, from addressing the sword in the second person, turns to his hearers and speaks of it in the third person. Lord … given it a charge —(Ezekiel 14:17). the sea-shore —the strip of land between the mountains and Mediterranean, held by the Philistines: "their valley" (see on Jeremiah 47:5). ## there hath he appointed it —(Micah 6:9). There hath He ordered it to rage. ## CHAPTER 48 Jeremiah 48:1-47. P ROPHECY AGAINST M OAB. It had taken part with the Chaldeans against Judea (2 Kings 24:2).

Aroer —on the north bank of the Arnon, a city of Ammon (Deuteronomy 2:36; 3:12). As it was on " the way " of the Moabites who fled into the desert, its inhabitants "ask" what is the occasion of Moab's flight, and so learn the lot that awaits themselves (compare 1 Samuel 4:13, 16). 20. Answer of the fleeing Moabites to the Ammonite inquirers (Jeremiah 48:19; Isaiah 16:2). He enumerates the Moabite cities at length, as it seemed so incredible that all should be so utterly ruined. Many of them were assigned to the Levites, while Israel stood. in Arnon —the north boundary between Moab and Ammon (Jeremiah 48:19; Numbers 21:13). 21. plain —(Jeremiah 48:8). Not only the mountainous regions, but also the plain, shall be wasted. Holon —(Compare Joshua 15:51). Jahazah —(Numbers 21:23; Isaiah 15:4). Mephaath —(Joshua 13:18; 21:37). 22. Beth-diblathaim —"the house of Diblathaim": Almon-diblathaim (Numbers 33:46); "Diblath" (Ezekiel 6:13); not far from Mount Nebo (Numbers 33:46, 47). 23. Beth-gamul —meaning "the city of camels." Beth-meon —"the house of habitation": Beth-baalmeon (Joshua 13:17). Now its ruins are called Miun. 24. Kerioth —(Joshua 15:25; Amos 2:2). Bozrah —(See on Isaiah 34:6); at one time under the dominion of Edom, though belonging originally to Moab (Genesis 36:33; Isaiah 63:1). Others think the Bozrah in Edom distinct from that of Moab. "Bezer" (Joshua 21:36). 25.

47. Urijah, the son of Shemaiah, prophesied under Jehoiakim. See Jeremiah 26:20, Jeremiah 26:21. 48. Zechariah, son of Barachiah, flourished in the second year of Darius, a ISAIAH 1: 2 Hear, heavens, and listen, earth; for the LORD has spoken: “I have nourished and brought up children, and they have rebelled against me. 1. God alone can give a revelation of his own will. 2. We must use the proper means in order to know this will. 3. We should know it in order to do it.

See, for example, with virgin , Jeremiah 18:13 ; Jeremiah 31:4 ; Jeremiah 31:21 ; with virgin daughter , Isaiah 37:22 (“the virgin daughter of Zion hath despised thee, and laughed thee to scorn; the daughter of Jerusalem hath shaken her head after thee”), Isaiah 47:1 , Jeremiah 14:17 ; Jeremiah 46:11 ; with daughter (alone) Isaiah 1:8 ; Isaiah 10:30 ; Isaiah 10:32 ; Isaiah 22:4 ; Isaiah 47:5 , Jeremiah 6:26 ; Jeremiah 9:1 , Micah 4:10 ; Micah 4:13 , Zephaniah 3:14 , Zechariah 9:9 (“Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion; shout, O daughter of Jerusalem”); and with the feminine indicated (in the Hebrew) by the termination, Isaiah 12:6 (see R.V. marg .), Isaiah 49:17 f., Isaiah 51:17-20 , Jeremiah 10:17 (see R.V. marg .), Jeremiah 22:23 (see ib. ). is fallen ] The tense is the prophetic past, describing the future as the prophet in imagination sees it, already accomplished. Cf. Amos 8:14 . is forsaken ] Rather, is cast down (R.V.), or lieth forsaken (R.V. marg. ), i.e. is abandoned , left to die where she had fallen: cf. Ezekiel 29:5 (R.V. “leave thee (thrown) into the wilderness”), Ezekiel 32:4 (“And I will leave thee forsaken upon the land, I will throw thee forth upon the face of the field”). Such an announcement as this, made in the height of the prosperity secured by Jeroboam II, would naturally be a startling one to those who heard it.

Within a short time after Ezekiel wrote this chapter, it became memorable in its connection with Zedekiah's sufferings (comp. 2 Kings 23:33 ; 2 Kings 25:6, 20, 21 ; Jeremiah 39:5, 6 ; Jeremiah 52:9, 10, 26 ). Its probable site is fixed on the banks of the Orontes. The evidence, on the whole, is, I think, in favour of this interpretation. It is adopted by Ewald, Cornill, Smend, Gesenius, and most recent critics. An additional fact in its favour is that Hamath, in the same region, appears as an ideal northern boundary in Ezekiel 47:16 . Ezekiel 6:14

## 1. As light signifies life, so darkness and a shadow, metaphorically denote death; Job 10:21 , "Before I go whence I shall not return, to the land of darkness, and the shadow of death;" verse 22, "A land of darkness, as the gloominess of the shadow of death, and without order, and it shineth as darkness." This is a periphrasis of death and the grave. Psalms 88:12 , "Shall thy wonders be known in the dark?" see verse 10, 11, Job 28:3 . 2. As light signifies prosperity and joy; so darkness denotes evils, unhappiness, and calamity, and consequently that sorrow, mourning, and grief, that follows. See Job 5:14; 15:22; 17:12; 18:5-6; Psalms 44:19; 88:18; 143:3; Isaiah 5:30; 47:5; 50:10; 59:9; Jeremiah 8:21; 13:16; Lamentations 3:2,6; Ezekiel 32:8; Joel 2:2; Amos 5:18; Micah 7:8 . Nahum 1:8; Zephaniah 1:15 , (&c.) ## 3. As light is put for that which is manifest and apparent, so darkness is put for that which is hidden, secret, and unknown, Job 12:22; Ecclesiastes 6:4; Isaiah 45:19; Matthew 10:27 . See John 3:20-21; Ephesians 5:11-13 . So, obscure or the meanest sort of men, is put for such as are of no eminent note or fame, Proverbs 22:29 . More especially as the mystery of regeneration, and the restoring of man to eternal salvation is expressed by light; so by opposition, darkness denotes a state of corruption, sin, and damnation, and that also with respect to,