Leviticus 4:35

That on the second month, on the fourteenth day, another passover be kept; 20. That the lamb be then eaten with unleavened bread and sour herbs, Numbers 9:10, 11. 21. That the sounding of trumpets be used with the sacrifice on the day of the afflicting of their souls, Numbers 10:10. 22. That the creatures to be sacrificed should be eight days old and upwards, Leviticus 22:27. 23. That every creature to be sacrificed be perfect, Leviticus 22:19. 24. That salt be used in all sacrifices, Leviticus 2:13. 25. That whole burnt offerings be ordered according to the law, Leviticus 1:3. 26. That so also be the sin offering, Leviticus 6:25; 27. And likewise the trespass offering, Leviticus 7:1; 28. And the peace offering, Leviticus 7:11; 29. And the meat offering, Leviticus 2:1. 30. That if the whole congregation offend, a sacrifice be offered for it, Leviticus 4:13. 31. If a private man sin by ignorance, he must offer his sin offering, Leviticus 4:27. 32. That a sacrifice be offered for an uncertain crime, Leviticus 5:17, 18. 33. That a sacrifice be offered for sin certain and known, Leviticus 5:15, 16. 6:2–7. 34. That every one's sacrifice be according to his substance or wealth, Leviticus 5:7. 35. That whosoever sinneth, together with his sacrifice he make confession of his sin, Numbers 5:6, 7. 36. That involuntary pollution be cleansed by sacrifice, Leviticus 15:13, 14. 37. That women do so likewise in the case mentioned, Leviticus 15:28, 29. 38. That the leper, being cleansed, do offer sacrifice, Leviticus 14:10.

4:27-35 Here is the law of the sin-offering for a common person. To be able to plead, when charged with sin, that we did it ignorantly, and through the surprise of temptation, will not bring us off, if we have no interest in that great plea, Christ hath died. The sins of ignorance committed by a common person, needed a sacrifice; the greatest are not above, the meanest are not below Divine justice. None, if offenders, were overlooked. Here rich and poor meet together; they are alike sinners, and welcome to Christ. From all these laws concerning the sin-offerings, we may learn to hate sin, and to watch against it; and to value Christ, the great and true Sin-offering, whose blood cleanses from all sin, which it was not possible that the blood of bulls and of goats should take away. For us to err, with the Bible in our hands, is the effect of pride, sloth, and carelessness. We need to use frequent self-examination, with serious study of the Scriptures, and earnest prayer for the convincing influences of God the Holy Spirit; that we may detect our sins of ignorance, repent, and obtain forgiveness through the blood of Christ.

Shall burn them, i.e. the fat; but he useth the plural number, because the fat was of several kinds, as we saw Leviticus 4:8,9 . According to the offerings made by fire; Heb. upon the offerings, together with them, or after them; because the burnt-offerings were to have the first place. See Poole "Leviticus 3:5" .

And he shall take away all the fat thereof, as the fat of the lamb is taken away from the sacrifice of the peace offerings; and the priest shall burn them upon the altar, {m} according to the offerings made by fire unto the LORD: and the priest shall make an atonement for his sin that he hath committed, and it shall be forgiven him. (m) Or, besides the burnt offerings, which were daily offered to the Lord.

A lamb - A sheep. See Leviticus 3:7 note. Three points are to be observed in regard to the victims for sin-offerings. (a) The common people had to offer a female, as the less valuable animaI; they might present either a sheep or a goat to suit their convenience: (b) the rulers had always to offer a male-goat: (c) the goat was preferred to the sheep, unlike the victim for a peace-offering or burnt-offering. The sin-offerings were not accompanied by meat-offerings or drink-offerings. See Numbers 15:3-11.

35. it shall be forgiven him—None of these sacrifices possessed any intrinsic value sufficient to free the conscience of the sinner from the pollution of guilt, or to obtain his pardon from God; but they gave a formal deliverance from a secular penalty (Heb 9:13, 14); and they were figurative representations of the full and perfect sin offering which was to be made by Christ.

(35) According to the offerings made by fire. —Better, upon the offerings made by fire. As the daily morning sacrifice was offered first every day, and as it continued burning on the altar all the forenoon, no fresh or special fire was to be kindled for it, but it was to be upon the fire sacrifices which had already been placed there before. (See Leviticus 3:5 ; Leviticus 5:12 .) The flesh of the sin offering, both for the prince and for the individual members of the community, was not burnt without the camp, as was the case with the flesh of the sacrifice for the high priest and for the whole congregation, but was the perquisite of the priests, and was eaten by them ( Leviticus 6:26-30 ). This is in harmony with the law. The sinner who brought the sin offering could not partake of it. Hence the priest was not permitted to eat of the flesh of the sin offering which he offered for himself, or of the flesh of the congregational sin offering, because he was a member of the congregation.

In the case of the sin of a common Israelite ("of the people of the land," i.e., of the rural population, Genesis 23:7 ), that is to say, of an Israelite belonging to the people, as distinguished from the chiefs who ruled over the people ( 2 Kings 11:18-19 ; 2 Kings 16:15 ), the sin-offering was to consist of a shaggy she-goat without blemish, or a ewe-sheep ( Leviticus 4:32 ). The ceremonial in both cases was the same as with the he-goat ( Leviticus 4:23 .). - "According to the offerings made by fire unto the Lord" ( Leviticus 4:35 ): see at Leviticus 3:5 .

THE SEVENFOLD REPETITION OF THE CONSECRATION CEREMONIAL. (35) Seven days shalt thou consecrate them.—The number seven possessed an ideal completeness, resting on the primeval facts of creation (Genesis 1, 2). It is the number almost exclusively used under the old covenant, when acts are to attain their result by repetition. (See Leviticus 4:6; Leviticus 4:17; Leviticus 8:11; Leviticus 14:7; Leviticus 16:14; Numbers 19:4; Joshua 6:4; 1Kings 18:43; 2Kings 5:10; Psalm 119:164; &c.) Here we are to understand a sevenfold repetition of the entire ceremonial of consecration. (See Leviticus 8:33-34.)

[Reformed Biblical] was obliged to join with that ceremonial rite. ## Before the veil, to wit, the second veil dividing between the holy of holies, which is generally called by the name here used, as Exo_26:31 35:12 40:3,21 Numbers 4:5. Leviticus 4:7 The altar of sweet incense which is in the tabernacle; the altar of burnt-offerings was without the tabernacle. ## All the blood; so also below, Lev_4:18,30,34, to wit, all the rest, as it is expressed Lev_5:9, for part was disposed elsewhere. Leviticus 4:8 Leviticus 4:9 Leviticus 4:10 Leviticus 4:11 Leviticus 4:12 So no part of this was to be eaten by the priests, as it was in other sin-offerings, Lev_6:26. The reason is plain, because the offerer might not eat of his own sin-offering, and the priest was the offerer in this case, as also in the sin-offering for the whole congregation below, Lev_4:21, of which the priest himself was a member. ## Shall he carry forth; not himself, which would have defiled him, but by another whom he shall appoint for that work, as may be gathered from Lev_16:27,28. ## Without the camp, to signify either, 1. The horrible and abominable nature of sin, especially in high and holy persons, or when it overspreads a whole people. Or, 2. The removing of t