Leviticus 27:17

That the water of the ashes of a red heifer be sprinkled in purification, Numbers 19:17–19. 10. The fifth family of this sort of commands concerns ALMS AND TITHES, consisting of thirty-two precepts:—1. That alms be given to the poor, Deuteronomy 15:8. 2. That he who promiseth the price of redemption for the first-born pay it assuredly, Leviticus 27:2. 3. That he who is to pay the redemption price of an unclean firstling pay it accordingly, Leviticus 27:11, 12. 4. That the price of a devoted house be so paid, according to the judgment of the priest, Leviticus 27:14. 5. The same of a field, Leviticus 27:16. 6. That he who deceiveth by ignorance add a fifth part unto the price of the thing itself, Leviticus 5:15, 16. 7. That the fruits of the fourth year be dedicated to God, Leviticus 19:24. 8. That the corners of the fields be left unto the poor to cut and gather, Leviticus 19:9. 9. That ears of corn be left for the poor in harvest, Leviticus 19:9. 10. That a sheaf of corn forgotten be left for the poor, not sought for again, Deuteronomy 24:19. 11. That the gleanings of the vine branches be left to the poor, Leviticus 19:10; 12. And the grapes that fall to the ground, Leviticus 19:10. 13. That all first fruits of the earth be brought to the sanctuary or temple, Exodus 23:19. 14. That the words appointed, Deuteronomy 26:5–10, be repeated over the first fruits. 15. That the heave offering, or terumah for the priest, be observed, Deuteronomy 18:3. 16.

That no oil be put to the offering of him that offers the sin offering; 15. Nor frankincense, Leviticus 5:11. 16. That oil be not put to the gift of a woman suspected to have gone astray; 17. Nor frankincense, Numbers 5:15. 18. That no devoted beast be changed, Leviticus 27:32, 33. 19. That one sacrifice be not changed into another, or for another, Leviticus 27:26. 20. That the firstling of a clean beast be not redeemed, Numbers 18:17. 21. That the tenths of beasts be not sold, Leviticus 27:32, 33. 22. That a devoted field be not sold; 23. Nor redeemed, Leviticus 27:28. 24. That the head of the bird to be offered on the day of expiation be not separated from the body, Leviticus 5:8. 25. That sacred beasts be not used to labour; 26. Nor be shorn, Deuteronomy 15:19. 27. That the paschal lamb be not slain whilst any leaven remains, Exodus 23:18. 28. That nothing be left of the paschal lamb, Exodus 12:10. 29. That nothing be left of the paschal lamb to be offered on the second month, Numbers 9:12. 30. That no bone of the paschal lamb be broken, Exodus 12:46. 31. That its flesh be not eaten raw or boiled, Exodus 12:9. 32. That nothing of its flesh be carried out of the company by whom it is to be eaten, Exodus 12:46. 33. That no stranger or hireling eat of it, Exodus 12:45. 34. That no uncircumcised person eat of it, Exodus 12:48. 35. That no Israelite that hath been changed do eat of it, Exodus 12:43. 36. That the fat of it abide not one night, Exodus 23:18. 37.

If he sanctify his field from the year of jubilee,.... The very year, as Aben Ezra, while it is current, or when it is past, and he immediately sanctifies it for an holy use, and one comes to redeem it, as Jarchi says, as soon as ever it is devoted, and a priest has valued it, and there is a purchaser of it: according to thy estimation it shall stand; what price soever the priest set upon it, that it was to go at, and he that had a mind to purchase it might have it for it, unless it was he that devoted it, and then he was to give a fifth part more, as afterwards expressed.

Leviticus 27:17-18 . If he sanctify his field from the year of jubilee — That is, if the vow has been made immediately after the jubilee, then the land requiring a homer of barley-seed is to be valued at fifty shekels, as before mentioned. If after the jubilee — That is, some considerable time after, then the priest was to deduct from the above rate of fifty shekels, either more or less, according as more or fewer years remained till the next jubilee. For no land could be alienated for a longer period than forty-nine years, that is, from one jubilee to another, except in the case after mentioned. If he will not redeem the field — If the owner choose rather to part with his land than redeem it at the price which the priest hath set upon it, and the priest, upon his refusal, have sold it, or rather let it, till the next jubilee, to another man; then he that vowed it shall be excluded from all future privilege of redemption; and, when the jubilee is come, the land shall return to the priesthood for ever. For preventing ambiguity, instead of, If he have sold the field, it ought to be rendered, If the priest have sold, as in the Arabic version; or, If it be sold to another, as in the Vulgate; for the he cannot refer to the owner or vower of the land, as our version makes it, since the vower had no power to sell the land after he had consecrated it, but it was to be sold or let by the priest or treasurer of the sanctuary, who converted the price thereof to a holy use.

16-24. if a man shall sanctify unto the Lord some aprt of a field of his possession, &c.—In the case of acquired property in land, if not redeemed, it returned to the donor at the Jubilee; whereas the part of a hereditary estate, which had been vowed, did not revert to the owner, but remained attached in perpetuity to the sanctuary. The reason for this remarkable difference was to lay every man under an obligation to redeem the property, or stimulate his nearest kinsman to do it, in order to prevent a patrimonial inheritance going out from any family in Israel.

If he sanctified his field from the year of jubilee, i.e., immediately after the expiration of that year, it was to "stand according to thy valuation," i.e., no alteration was to be made in the valuation. But if it took place after the year of jubilee, i.e., some time or some years after, the priest was to estimate the value according to the number of years to the next year of jubilee, and "it shall be abated from thy valuation," sc., praeteritum tempus, the time that has elapsed since the year of jubilee. Hence, for example, if the field was vowed ten years after the year of jubilee, the man who wished to redeem it had only forty shekels to pay for the forty years remaining up to the next year of jubilee, or, with the addition of the fifth, 48 shekels. The valuation was necessary in both cases, for the hereditary field was inalienable, and reverted to the original owner or his heirs in the year of jubilee without compensation (cf. Leviticus 27:21 and Leviticus 25:13 , Leviticus 25:23 .); so that, strictly speaking, it was not the field itself, but the produce of its harvests up to the next year of jubilee, that was vowed, whether the person making the vow left it to the sanctuary in natura till the year of jubilee, or wished to redeem it again by paying the valuation price. In the latter case, however, he had to put a fifth over and above the valuation price ( Leviticus 27:19 , like Leviticus 27:13 and Leviticus 27:15 ), that it might be left to him.

[Reformed Biblical] , i.e. which is his by inheritance, because particular direction is given about purchased lands, Lev_27:22. And he saith part of it , because it was unlawful to vow away all his possessions, because thereby he had disenabled himself from the performance of divers duties by way of sacrifice, almsgiving, &c., and made himself burdensome to his brethren. ## According to the seed thereof, i.e. according to the quantity and quality of the land, which is known by the quantity of seed which it can receive and return. ## Fifty shekels of silver, not to be paid yearly, till the year of jubilee, as some would have it, but once for all, as is most probable, 1. Because here is no mention of any yearly payment, but only of one payment, and we must not add to the text. 2. Because it is most probable that lands and all things were favourably and moderately valued, so that men might be rather encouraged to make such vows upon just occasions, than to be deterred from them by excessive impositions. But if this were yearly rent, it was an excessive rate, and much more than the land ordinarily yielded. For an omer is but the tenth part of an ephah , Exo_16:36, and therefore not above a pottle of our measure, which quantity of seed would not extend very far, and in some lands would yield but an inconsiderable crop, especially in barley, which was cheaper than wheat, and which for that reason, among others, may seem to be here mentioned rather than wheat. Leviticus 27:17 ## From the year of jubilee, i.e.