Joshua 12:19

7. Isti autem sunt reges terrae quos percussit Josue, et filii Israel trans Jordanem ad occidentem, a Ballgad in campo Libani, usque ad montem Laevem qui assurgit in Seir, et tradidit eam Josue tribubus Israel in possessionem secundum partes eorum. 8. In the mountains, and in the valleys, and in the plains, and in the springs, and in the wilderness, and in the south country; the Hittites, the Amorites, and the Canaanites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites: 8. In montanis, et in planitie, et in campestribus, et in Asdoth, et in deserto, et in austro: Hitthaeus, Aemorrhaeus, Chananaeus, Pherisaeus, Hivaeus, et Jebusaeus. 9. The king of Jericho, one; the king of Ai, which is beside Bethel, one; 9. Rex Jericho unus, rex Ali, qui erat e latere Bethel unus. 10. The king of Jerusalem, one; the king of Hebron, one; 10. Rex Jerusalem unus, rex Hebron unus. 11. The king of Jarmuth, one; the king of Lachish, one; 11. Rex Jarmuth unus, rex Lachis unus. 12. The king of Eglon, one; the king of Gezer, one; 12. Rex Eglon unus, rex Jeser unus. 13. The king of Debir, one; the king of Geder, one; 13. Rex Debir unus, rex Jeder unus. 14. The king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one; 14. Rex Hormah unus, rex Arad unus. 15. The king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one; 15. Rex Libna unus, rex Adullam unus. 16. The king of Makkedah, one; the king of Bethel, one; 16. Rex Makeda unus, rex Beth-el unus. 17. The king of Tappuah, one; the king of Hepher, one; 17. Rex Tapua unus, rex Epher unus.

According to Adrichomius {o}, it was four miles from the castle Theron to the north, six miles from Caesarea Philippi to the southwest, and nine miles from the great sea to the east; and was, in the times of Christ, one of the ten principal cities of the region of Decapolis, in which he preached, Matthew 4:25; and is now called Antiopia; and in the Arabic version here it is called Caesarea, and, according to Bunting {p}, it lay eighty miles from Jerusalem to the north: that he sent to Jobab king of Madon; of which place we nowhere else read but in Joshua 12:19; though Brocard {q} finds a place near Dan, called Madan by the Turks at this day: and to the king of Shimron; not Samaria, as many think, for that was built by Omri, king of Israel, and had its name from Shemer, the owner of the hill on which it was built some hundreds of years after this; besides Samaria was in the tribe of Ephraim, this in the tribe of Zebulun, Joshua 19:15; and is called Shimronmeron, Joshua 12:20; and in the Jerusalem Talmud {r} Simoniah, and here in the Septuagint version Symoson: and to the king of Achshaph: a city which fell to the lot of the tribe of Asher, Joshua 19:25. The Septuagint calls it Aziph, as if it was the same with Achzib, or Ecdippa, now called Zib: but Achshaph and Achzib are manifestly distinguished, Joshua 19:25. Jerom says {s}, in his time it was a little village, and went by the name of Chasalus, eight miles from Diocaesarea, at the foot of Mount Tabor.

12:7-24 We have here the limits of the country Joshua conquered. A list is given of the kings subdued by Israel: thirty-one in all. This shows how fruitful Canaan then was, in which so many chose to throng together. This was the land God appointed for Israel; yet in our day it is one of the most barren and unprofitable countries in the world. Such is the effect of the curse it lies under, since its possessors rejected Christ and his gospel, as was foretold by Moses, De 29:23. The vengeance of a righteous God, inflicted on all these kings and their subjects, for their wickedness, should make us dread and hate sin. The fruitful land bestowed on his chosen people, should fill our hearts with hope and confidence in his mercy, and with humble gratitude.

Jos 12:7-24. The One and Thirty Kings on the West Side of Jordan, Which Joshua Smote. 7. Baal-gad … even unto … Halak—(See on [188]Jos 11:17). A list of thirty-one chief towns is here given; and, as the whole land contained a superficial extent of only fifteen miles in length by fifty in breadth, it is evident that these capital cities belonged to petty and insignificant kingdoms. With a few exceptions, they were not the scenes of any important events recorded in the sacred history, and therefore do not require a particular notice.

The identification of several of these places is still uncertain: the same name (e. g. Aphek, Joshua 12:18 ) being applied to various places in various parts of Palestine. Geder, or Gedor Joshua 15:58 , a city in the mountain district in the south of the territory of Judah, is no doubt the modern "Jedur".

[Bible] 12:6. Moses the servant of the Lord, and the children of Israel slew them, and Moses delivered their land in possession to the Rubenites, and Gadites, and the half tribe of Manasses. 12:7. These are the kings of the land, whom Josue and the children of Israel slew beyond the Jordan on the west side from Baalgad in the field of Libanus, unto the mount, part of which goeth up into Seir: and Josue delivered it in possession to the tribes of Israel, to every one their divisions, 12:8. As well in the mountains as in the plains and the champaign countries. In Asedoth, and in the wilderness, and in the south was the Hethite and the Amorrhite, the Chanaanite and the Pherezite, the Hevite and the Jebusite. 12:9. The king of Jericho one: the king of Hai, which is on the side of Bethel, one: 12:10. The king of Jerusalem one, the king of Hebron one, 12:11. The king of Jerimoth one, thee king of Lachis one, 12:12. The king of Eglon one, the king of Gazer one, 12:13. The king of Dabir one, the king of Gader one, 12:14. The king of Herma one, the king of Hered one, 12:15. The king of Lebna one, the king of Odullam one, 12:16. The king of Maceda one, the king of Bethel one, 12:17. The king of Taphua one, the king of Opher one, 12:18. The king of Aphec one, the king of Saron one, 12:19. The king of Madon one, the king of Asor one, 12:20. The king of Semeron one, the king of Achsaph one, 12:21. The king of Thenac one, the king of Mageddo one, 12:22. Thee king of Cades one, the king of Jachanan of Carmel one, 12:23. The king of Dor, and of the province of Dor one, the king of the nations of Galgal one, 12:24. The king of Thersa one: all the kings thirty and one. Josue Chapter 13 God commandeth Josue to divide the land: the possessions of Ruben, Gad, and half the tribe of Manasses, beyond the Jordan. 13:1. Josue was old, and far advanced in years, and the Lord said to him: Thou art grown old, and advanced in age, and there is a very large country left, which is not yet divided by lot:

[Reformed Biblical] But if it be more narrowly and considerately observed, it will appear that there are only two parties engaged in the taking of Ai, and but one ambush, as plainly appears by comparing #Joshua 8:9 (which manifestly speaks of that party which is mentioned #Joshua 8:3 ) with #Joshua 8:12 , which speaks only of five thousand, which is justly supposed to be a part of those thirty thousand named #Joshua 8:3 , and that part which was to lie in ambush; unless we will suppose that there were two ambushes, one of thirty thousand, and the other of five thousand, both lying in wait in the same quarter, even between Beth-el and Ai , on the west side of Ai, the only place where the ambush lay, as is said both #Joshua 8:9,12,13 , which seems absurd and incredible. And besides, in the execution of this command, there is mention but of one ambush, #Joshua 8:12-14,19 , and they are said to consist only of five thousand, #Joshua 8:12 , and they only take and burn the city, #Joshua 8:19 ; so that the other supposed ambush of thirty thousand is perfectly vanished and lost, and did nothing in this work; which also is very improbable.