Ecclesiastes 3:13

3:11-15 Every thing is as God made it; not as it appears to us. We have the world so much in our hearts, are so taken up with thoughts and cares of worldly things, that we have neither time nor spirit to see God's hand in them. The world has not only gained possession of the heart, but has formed thoughts against the beauty of God's works. We mistake if we think we were born for ourselves; no, it is our business to do good in this life, which is short and uncertain; we have but little time to be doing good, therefore we should redeem time. Satisfaction with Divine Providence, is having faith that all things work together for good to them that love him. God doeth all, that men should fear before him. The world, as it has been, is, and will be. There has no change befallen us, nor has any temptation by it taken us, but such as is common to men.

And also that every man should eat and drink,.... Not to excess, but in moderation; and yet freely, plentifully, and cheerfully; and not alone, but giving the poor a portion with him; and in all having in view the glory of God, 1 Corinthians 10:31 ; and enjoy the good of all his labour; take the comfort of what he has been labouring for, and not lay it up for, and leave it to, he knows not who: the Targum is, "and see good in his days, and cause his children, at the time of his death, to inherit all his labour;'' it is the gift of God; not only to have, but to enjoy, and make a proper use of the mercies of life. This is the same doctrine which is delivered Ecclesiastes 2:24.

And also that every man should eat and drink, and enjoy the good of all his labour, it is the {d} gift of God. (d) Read Ec 2:24 and these places declare that we should do all things with sobriety and in the fear of God, as he gives not his gifts to the intent that they should be abused.

13 . And also that every man ] The addition of this clause confirms the interpretation just given of the “doing good” of the preceding verse. Had that meant simply enjoyment, this clause would have been an idle repetition. As it is, “doing good” takes its place, as it did with the nobler Epicureans, among the elements of happiness. So Epicurus himself taught that “it is not possible to live happily without also living wisely, and nobly, and justly” (Diog. Laert. x. 1, § 140).

Verse 13. - And also that every man should eat and drink... it is the gift of God. This enforces and intensifies the statement in the preceding verse; not only the power to "do good," but even to enjoy what comes in his way (see on Ecclesiastes 2:24), man must receive from God. When we pray for our daily bread, we also ask for ability to take, assimilate, and profit by the supports and comforts afforded to us. "It" is better omitted, as "is the gift of God" forms the predicate of the sentence. Ecclesiastes 11 :17, "The gift of the Lord remaineth with the godly, and his favor bringeth prosperity for ever." Ecclesiastes 3:13

"But also that he should eat and drink, and see good in all his labour, is for every man a gift of God." The inverted and yet anacoluthistic formation of the sentence is quite like that at Ecclesiastes 5:18 . כּל־הא signifies, properly, the totality of men equals all men, e.g., Psalm 116:11 ; but here and at 5:18; 12:13, the author uses the two words so that the determ. second member of the st. constr. does not determine the first (which elsewhere sometimes occurs, as bethulath Israel, a virgin of Israel, Deuteronomy 22:19 ): every one of men (cf. πᾶς τις βροτῶν). The subst. clause col-haadam is subject: every one of men, in this that he eats ... is dependent on God. Instead of מיּד the word מתּת (abbrev. from מתּנת) is here used, as at Ecclesiastes 5:18 . The connection by vegam is related to the preceding adversat.: and ( equals but) also ( equals notwithstanding that), as at Ecclesiastes 6:7 , Nehemiah 5:8 , cf. Jeremiah 3:10 , where gam is strengthened by becol-zoth. As for the rest, it follows from Ecclesiastes 3:13 , in connection with Ecclesiastes 2:24-26 , that for Koheleth εὐποΐ́α and εὐθυμία reciprocally condition each other, without, however, a conclusion following therefrom justifying the translation "to do good," Ecclesiastes 3:12 . Men's being conditioned in the enjoyment of life, and, generally, their being conditioned by God the Absolute, has certainly an ethical end in view, as is expressed in the conclusion which Koheleth now reaches: -

rend —garments, in mourning (Joel 2:13); figuratively, nations, as Israel from Judah, already foretold, in Solomon's time (1 Kings 11:30, 31), to be "sewed" together hereafter (Ezekiel 37:15, 22). silence —(Amos 5:13), in a national calamity, or that of a friend (Job 2:13); also not to murmur under God's visitation (Leviticus 10:3; Psalms 39:1, 2, 9). 8. hate —for example, sin, lusts (Luke 14:26); that is, to love God so much more as to seem in comparison to hate "father or mother," when coming between us and God. a time of war … peace —(Luke 14:31). 9. But these earthly pursuits, while lawful in their season, are "unprofitable" when made by man, what God never intended them to be, the chief good. Solomon had tried to create an artificial forced joy, at times when he ought rather to have been serious; the result, therefore, of his labor to be happy, out of God's order, was disappointment. "A time to plant" (Ecclesiastes 3:2) refers to his planting (Ecclesiastes 2:5); "laugh" (Ecclesiastes 3:4), to Ecclesiastes 2:1, 2; "his mirth," "laughter"; "build up," "gather stones" (Ecclesiastes 3:3, 5), to his "building" (Ecclesiastes 2:4); "embrace," "love," to his "princess" (see on Ecclesiastes 2:8); "get" (perhaps also "gather," Ecclesiastes 3:5, 6), to his "gathering" (Ecclesiastes 2:8). All these were of "no profit," because not in God's time and order of bestowing happiness. 10. (See on Ecclesiastes 1:13). 11.