Deuteronomy 17:10

And thou shalt do according to the sentence which they of that place which the Lord shall choose shall show thee,.... The judges of the inferior courts were to return and proceed on the difficult case according to the judgment of the great court at Jerusalem, and follow the directions and instructions they should give them: and thou shalt observe to do according to all that they inform thee; not only observe and take notice of what they say, but put it in practice, and not in some things and some circumstances only, but in all and everything they should give them information about relating to the case in question.

Deuteronomy 17:10-12 . Thou shalt do according to the sentence — He speaks, 1st, To the inferior magistrates, who, in the suits here referred to between man and man, were to give sentence in their lower courts, according to the decision of the great council, or of the supreme judge, and were to take care that that sentence should be carried into execution; and, 2d, To private persons, who, in such cases, are required to acquiesce in the judgment of those whom God had made the supreme interpreters of his law, and to conform themselves to the sentence passed. The man that will do presumptuously — If an inferior judge should presume to contradict the sentence of the higher court, given according to God’s law, and would not execute the orders of it; or if a private person should refuse to conform himself to their sentence, that contumacy was to be punished with death, though the matter were ever so small in which the opposition was made. For unless the parties concerned had been strongly bound to obey the definitive sentence of the judge, priest, or great council, in such matters, there would have been no end of strife. And thou shalt put away the evil — The evil thing, that scandal, that pernicious example.

Verses 10-12. - This sentence, being founded on the Law, the suitors were to accept and implicitly obey. If any through pride or arrogance should refuse to accept the interpretation of the Law given by the priests, or to submit to the sentence pronounced by the judge, he was to be regarded as a rebel against God, and to be put to death, that others might be deterred from the like presumption ( Deuteronomy 13:11 ). The sentence, which they of that place which the Lord shall choose shall show thee ; rather, which they shall declare to thee from that place which the Lord shall choose . According to the sentence of the law ; literally, according to the mouth of the Law ; i . e . according as the Law prescribes, according to the purport of the statute. Deuteronomy 17:10

Thou shalt, i.e. thou shalt pass sentence; for he speaks to the inferior magistrates, as was before noted, who were to give sentence, and came hither to be advised about it. Thou shalt observe to do. It is very observable that this place doth not speak of all controversies of faith, as if they were to believe every thing which they should teach; but only of some particular matters of practice and strife between man and man, to which it is plainly limited, Deu 17:8 . And they are not here commanded to believe, but only to do, which is thrice repeated.

The cases in question are such as the inferior judges did not feel able to decide satisfactorily, and which accordingly they remitted to their superiors (compare Exodus 18:23-27 ). The Supreme court Deuteronomy 17:9 is referred to in very general terms as sitting at the sanctuary Deuteronomy 17:8. "The judge" would no doubt usually be a layman, and thus the court would contain both an ecclesiastical and a civil element. Jehoshaphat 2 Chronicles 19:4-11 organized his judicial system very closely upon the lines here laid down.

De 17:8-13. The Priests and Judges to Determine Controversies. 8-13. If there arise a matter too hard for thee in judgment—In all civil or criminal cases, where there was any doubt or difficulty in giving a decision, the local magistrates were to submit them by reference to the tribunal of the Sanhedrim—the supreme council, which was composed partly of civil and partly of ecclesiastical persons. "The priests and Levites," should rather be "the priests—the Levites"; that is, the Levitical priests, including the high priest, who were members of the legislative assembly; and who, as forming one body, are called "the judge." Their sittings were held in the neighborhood of the sanctuary because in great emergencies the high priest had to consult God by Urim (Nu 27:21). From their judgment there was no appeal; and if a person were so perverse and refractory as to refuse obedience to their sentences, his conduct, as inconsistent with the maintenance of order and good government, was then to be regarded and punished as a capital crime.

So without addition Deuteronomy 4:1 , Deuteronomy 11:17 , in the Pl. address, and Deuteronomy 15:7 , Deuteronomy 18:9 , Deuteronomy 26:2 , Deuteronomy 27:2-3 , Deuteronomy 28:8 ; Deuteronomy 28:52 , all passages in the Sg. address. With the addition to possess it as here, Deuteronomy 3:18 ( hath given ), Pl.; Deuteronomy 9:6 , Deuteronomy 12:1 , Deuteronomy 17:14 ( shalt possess ), Deuteronomy 19:14 , all Sg. (except perhaps Deuteronomy 12:1 , which is doubtful). With the addition for an inheritance , Deuteronomy 4:21 , Deuteronomy 15:4 (+ to possess it ), Deuteronomy 19:10 , Deuteronomy 24:4 , Deuteronomy 25:19 , Deuteronomy 26:1 , all Sg. Cp. Deuteronomy 12:10 causeth you , Deuteronomy 19:3 causeth thee, to inherit . Deuteronomy 5:31

They shall do "according to the sound of the word which they utter" (follow their decision exactly), and that "according to the sound of the law which they teach," and "according to the right which they shall speak." The sentence was to be founded upon the Thorah, upon the law which the priests had to teach.

[Reformed Biblical] By the occasion and matter of Moses’s prayer here following, ## which is the same with the former. 3. By the words here following, as I fell down at first , which show that this was the second time of his so doing. ## Ver. 26. Through thy greatness, i.e. through the greatness of thy power, which appeared most eminently in that work, as is noted, #Deuteronomy 9:29 . ## Ver. 27. Thy servants, i.e. the promise made and sworn to thy servants, which was mentioned above, #Deuteronomy 9:5 . Ver. 28. No text from Poole on this verse. ## Ver. 29. Thy people, whom thou hast chosen to thyself out of all mankind, and publicly owned them for thine, and hast purchased and redeemed them from the Egyptians. ## Moses repeats God’s mercies in restoring the two tables, #Deuteronomy 10:1-5 . Aaron’s death. Eleazar his son officiates in his stead, #Deuteronomy 10:6 . The tribe of Levi is separated for the priesthood, #Deuteronomy 10:8,9 . God hearkening to Moses not to destroy them, #Deuteronomy 10:10 ; he is commanded to lead them towards Canaan, #Deuteronomy 10:11 . God requires their obedience, #Deuteronomy 10:12-15 . To circumcise their hearts, #Deuteronomy 10:16,17 . To help the fatherless and widow, #Deuteronomy 10:18 . To love strangers, #Deuteronomy 10:19 . To fear and serve the Lord for his mercies towards them, #Deuteronomy 10:20-22 . ## Ver. 1. At that time, When God was newly appeased by my intercession.